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The hepatic tanager (''Piranga flava'') is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family (Thraupidae), it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae).〔 The species's plumage and vocalizations are similar to other members of the cardinal family. The common name ''hepatic'' means "liver-coloured", namely, brownish-red.〔 The specific name ラテン語:''flāva'' is Latin for yellow or golden. The habits of the hepatic tanager are similar to those of the western tanager.〔 It ranges from the southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, and locally in southern California and Colorado) to northern Argentina. There are three subspecies groups, which may be separate species: * the ''hepatica'' group, breeding from Nicaragua north, in pine and pine-oak forests and partially migratory * the ''lutea'' group (sometimes known as the tooth-billed tanager〔), resident from Costa Rica to northern and western South America in highland forest edges * the ''flava'' group (sometimes known as the red tanager〔), resident in open woods elsewhere in South America〔 Members of the northern group are larger and stockier than other ''Piranga'' tanagers and have a relatively short tail and a stout bill. Its brightest color is always on its forehead and throat. In all plumages, it has gray flanks, dusky cheeks, and a dark eye streak. The female is yellow, and the male is red. Its average weight is . Its average wingspan is and length is .〔 Its call is a low, dry ''chup'' like the hermit thrush. Its song is clearer than Thraupidae tanagers and far more similar to the song of the black-headed grosbeak, another member of the Cardinalidae. The flight call is a husky and rising ''weet''.〔 It looks for food in the foliage of trees, moving slowly and methodically; different individuals use different strategies. In summer, the northern form largely eats insects, spiders and some fruit. In Mexico, it has been observed to eat nectar. From Oaxaca south, it follows swarms of army ants.〔 Even the northern population's behavior and life history are remarkably little known.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hepatic tanager」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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